Recommendation of the working group on the annexes of the. The insects were placed on a bean leaf and its behavior observed and recorded on dvd for a period of 30 min. An liriomyza in nahilalakip ha familia nga agromyzidae. The test kit is used for fluorescence detection of liriomyza sativae, l. Effects of temperature, photoperiod, and host plants on development and oviposition of liriomyza trifolii burgess diptera. A small yellow fly as an adult, a leafmining maggot as a larva. Later, it was transferred to the family agromyzidae. Liriomyza sativae is considered to be one of the three mostdamaging polyphagous leaf miners of horticultural crops murphy and lasalle 1999. Liriomyza huidobrensis blanchard, liriomyza trifolii burgess, and liriomyza sativae blanchard spencer 1973, parrella 1987, rauf et al. Feeding behavior of liriomyza huidobrensis blanchard and. The family agromyzidae is commonly referred to as the leafminer flies, for the feeding habits of their larvae, most of which are leaf. Sampling the leafminers liriomyza sativae blanchard and liriomyza trifolii burgess diptera.
They are essentially present in all the mediterranean countries, with increasing absences in northern europe. Proceedings of the meeting at tenerife, canary islands, 36 november, 1997. The article is on comparison of immature life stages duration of liriomyza trifolii dip agromyzidae in field and laboratory conditions. Oscinis trifolii burgess 1880 agromyza phaseolunulata frost 1943 liriomyza alliovora frick 1955. Liriomyza huidobrensis, commonly known as the pea leaf miner, is a species of insect, a fly in the family agromyzidae. Interspecific hybridization between liriomyza trifolii and liriomyza. Currently in many countries it represents, together with thrips parasites that effect the gerbera. Number of feeding punctures, number of eggs laid and total number of larvae varied between cultivars but these characters were not. This document is eeny254, one of a series of the department of entomology and nematology, ufifas extension. All originated in the new world but all have been spread widely.
New record of liriomyza trifolii burgess, 1880 diptera. Liriomyza huidobrensis blanchard is native to south america but has. Pdf insecticide use and the ecology of invasive liriomyza. Impact of insecticides on parasitoids of the leafminer. On the other hand, spraying with systemic insecticides is most effective because of the feeding in the leaves instead of on the leaves. Effects of two plant extracts on larval leafminer liriomyza trifolii diptera. Liriomyza trifolii the leaf miner, a small fly belonging to the agromyzedae family, was first introduced into europe from america, probably through chrysanthemum plantlets towards the mid 70s. Development and stability of insecticide resistance in the leafminer liriomyza trifolii diptera. Effect of temperature on the life history of liriomyza trifolii burgess diptera. Changes in establishment and potential distribution of the american serpentine leafminer fly, liriomyza trifolii, worldwide according to model predictions, using the eri for the years 2000 a and 2050 b, and changes of the eri between 2000 and 2050 c. The other two important species are liriomyza sativae blanchard vegetable leafminer and liriomyza huidobrensis blanchard pea leafminer. Liriomyza huidobrensis is reported in member states of the eu, absent in 11 6 of these after eradication and transient in two. Liriomyza huidobrensis blanchard, liriomyza sativae blanchard, and liriomyza trifolii burgess are highly invasive species that have become established in.
The leafminer liriomyza trifolii burgess is a very important insect pest around the world, infesting 120 species in 21 families minkenberg and lenteren 1986. Of greatest economic importance are the highly polyphagous pea leafminer. In many older publications including hering,1957a but also stammer 2016a the name trifolii is used to denote what presently is named liriomyyza congesta. Liriomyza trifolii and its parasitoid diglyphus isaea in the two successive seasons 2006 and 2007. Agromyzidae, are polyphagous insects that feed on numerous crops worldwide including potato. Pdf liriomyza trifolii, an important pest organism in ornamentals and. Liriomyza trifolii burgess, 1880 was recorded as a new record for iraqi fauna. Legislation addressing the hosts of liriomyza sativae. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext.
The larvae of this fly mine the leaves and stems of peas and a range of other vegetables. Diagnostic protocols for regulated pests dp 16 international plant protection convention dp 163 1. About europe pmc funders joining europe pmc governance roadmap outreach. Three different criteria were used in evaluating the degree of infestation. Liriomyza sativae blanchard 1938 liriomyza huidobrensis blanchard 1926 liriomyza trifolii burgess 1880 liriomyza bryoniae kaltenbach 1858 chromatomyia horticola goureau 1851 august 2009.
Liriomyza trifolii an agromyzid leafminer phenology models predict timing of events in an organisms development. You can add to general articles as well as specific articles for an event in any category or subject. Agromyzidae is a leafminer pest native to the new world that has been introduced into many countries in europe, africa, asia and oceania. Liriomyza trifolii and two other species, liriomyza sativae blanchard and liriomyza huidobrensis blanchard, are the most damaging species in the genus capinera 2001.
Populations of each species differ in their impact in central and southern regions. Leafminer pestgeneric incursion management plan for the. Liriomyza trifolii burgess and liriomyza huidobrensis blanchard are important vegetable pests in california. The species has been found under glass in england and wales but all populations have been and continue to be eradicated dom collins, pers. Populations of each species dier in their impact in central and southern regions.
Radcliffe, abdelaziz lagnaoui, in potato biology and biotechnology, 2007. Key characters that serve to differentiate this species from vegetable leafminer, liriomyza sativae blanchard, are the matte, greyishblack mesonotum and the yellow hind margins of the eyes. For many organisms which cannot internally regulate their own temperature, development is dependent on temperatures to which they are exposed in the environment. Agromyzidae, as new invasive pests have been added to the greenhouse pests list. Agromyzidae to cyromazine, abamectin, and spinosad. Comparison of immature life stages duration of liriomyza. Liriomyza trifolii wikibooks, open books for an open world. Population dynamics and seasonal incidence of liriomyza. The results counted that either initial reduction percentage 48 hrs. It is primarily a tropical and warm temperate species and has been found up to 3000 m spencer, 1973, but in some parts of europe it has shown an ability to become a major pest of a wide variety of ornamental or vegetable. The larvae eat the mesophyll of leaflets leaving long winding tunnels inside the leaflets. The wings are usually hyaline, although those of a few tropical species have darker markings. Department of entomology, university of hawaii at manoa. General information about liriomyza trifolii liritr eppo global database.
Pdf iranian species of cirrospilus westwood hymenoptera. Opie damage on gerbera mines formed by larvae in the leaves liriomyza trifolii burgess daguilar j. A cosmopolitan pest of south american origin that has spread throughout the world due to trade in cut flowers. Orifice through which the larva exits before pupating arrowed liriomyza trifolii burgess gambier j. The two other important species are liriomyza trifolii burgess american leafminer and liriomyza huidobrensis blanchard pea leafminer.
An ethogram was constructed based on the different behavior parameters that were identified. The highest population of the insect pest was found during march and lowest was recorded during. An anneal curve can then be generated to confirm the product. Ed science i56645722010 thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the degree of. Liriomyza trifolii, an important pest organism in ornamentals and vegetables throughout the world, poses a threat to the current pest control system in. Liriomyza trifolii, which is native to the southern part of. There are indications that the entity known as liriomyza huidobrensis is made up. Effect of temperature on the life history of liriomyza. Liriomyza trifolii is a pest of greenhouses and warm climates, though it may seasonally escape in cooler climates. The feeding, fecundity, mortality and rate of development of liriomyza trifolii burgess on 12 cultivars of dendranthema grandiflora tzvel. Liriomyza trifolii is one of the truly polyphagous agromyzids and has been recorded in 25 families spencer, 1990. Liriomyza trifolii liritroverview eppo global database.
A manual of the insects of the hawaiian islands, including enumeration of the species and notes on their origin, distribution, hosts, parasites, etc. Integrated control in protected crops, mediterranean climate. Liriomyza trifolii is one of the truly polyphagous agromyzids and has been. American serpentine leafminer, serpentine leafminer, broad bean leafminer, californian leafminer, celery leafminer, chrysanthemum leaf miner.
American serpentine leafminer liriomyza trifolii burgess. The thorax and abdomen are mostly grey and black though the ventral surface and legs are yellow. It was first described as oscinis trifolii burgess in comstock, 1880 in the family chloropidae from flies attacking the leaves of trifolium repens white clover in indiana, usa. Recently, leafminer larvae liriomyza trifolii have become an economically important pest of potato. This study was conducted to evaluate the leaf miner liriomyza spp. Liriomyza trifolii, known generally as the american serpentine leafminer or celery leafminer, is a species of leaf miner fly in the family agromyzidae. Liriomyza trifolii american serpentine leafminer pre. American serpentine leafminer, liriomyza trifolii burgess. Liriomyza trifolii american serpentine leafminer cabi. Phytosanitary irradiation of liriomyza trifolii diptera. Most damage is caused by three polyphagous species.
Life history studies of the leafminer liriomyza trifolii. The resolution of californian populations of liriomyza. Pest categorisation of liriomyza sativae efsa wiley. Perspectives of biological control to the south american tomato moth, tuta absoluta in georgia. Quarantine liriomyza leaf minersall produce broken trails of insect debris within the mine, which may sometimes appear almost continuous and the mines often appear browner and dirtier than the mines of c. Pest information agromyzidae is a family of small flies whose larvae feed on the internal tissue of plants, often as. Eeny254 american serpentine leafminer, liriomyza trifolii burgess insecta. Liriomyza trifolii is considered to be one of the three mostdamaging polyphagous leafminers of horticultural crops. The present observation has concluded that the leaf miner, liriomyza huidobrensis is a major insect pest of onion plantation in manipur, india. Leafminers agromyzidae are important insect pests worldwide. Insecta, holometabola, diptera, brachycera, agromyzidae common name.